Current Status of Hard Turning in Manufacturing: Aspects of Cooling Strategy and Sustainability

In recent years, hard turning has been found to be a well-known substitute for traditional grinding acquiring the finish quality of hardened steel without sacrificing productivity. There are many issues that should carefully understood and dealt with attain efficacious performance in turning. This article discusses modern manufacturing challenges focus on analyzing current state art process terms ensuring more environmentally friendly through use greener cooling methods such as dry, wet/flood cooling, minimum quantity lubricant (MQL), high-pressure jet solid lubricant, nanofluids, ionic liquids (ILs), cryogenic hybrid cooling. Nanofluids combined MQL system were superior technique comparison wet/flood, MQL. Cryo-machining also provided by limiting cutting temperature during The (MQL + cryogenic) seems have coolant alone because it benefits lubrication from systems, respectively. addition ILs base fluids or nanofluids improves thermal properties mixed fluid, resulting better surface quality, lower tool wear, longer life. Furthermore, purpose this study is summarize various LCA software used sustainability process. Overall, paper can serve resource researchers manufacturers working field sustainable machining.